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The following list presents categories used for classifying networks :
Connection Method
Computer networks can be classified according to technology hardware and software that is used to interconnect the various network devices, such as fiber optics, Ethernet, Wireless LAN, HomePNA, Power Line Communication or G. hn.
Ethernet as defined in IEEE 802 uses different standards and means to enable communication between devices. Often deployed devices include hubs, switches, bridges or routers. Wireless LAN technology is designed to connect devices without cables. These devices use radio waves or infrared signals as a means of transmission. ITU-T G.hn technology uses existing home wiring (coax, phone lines and power lines) to create a high speed (up to 1 Gigabit / s) network.
Ethernet as defined in IEEE 802 uses different standards and means to enable communication between devices. Often deployed devices include hubs, switches, bridges or routers. Wireless LAN technology is designed to connect devices without cables. These devices use radio waves or infrared signals as a means of transmission. ITU-T G.hn technology uses existing home wiring (coax, phone lines and power lines) to create a high speed (up to 1 Gigabit / s) network.
- Wireline
Over Quad is the most common medium for telecommunications. Of twisted pair cables consist of copper twisted son who are in couples. Ordinary telephone wire consists of two son of insulated copper twisted pair. Computer network cabling consists of four pairs of copper son that can be used to transmit voice and data. The use of two son twisted together helps reduce crosstalk and electromagnetic induction. The transmission speed ranges from 2 million bits per second to 100 megabits per second. Twisted pair cabling comes in two forms, which are shielded twisted pair (UTP) and shielded twisted pair (STP) that are classified in categories that are manufactured in different ranges for different scenarios.
The coaxial cable is commonly used in cable television systems, office buildings, construction sites and other local networks. Cables composed of copper or aluminum wire wrapped in an elastic insulating material is typically a high dielectric constant, which are all surrounded by a conductive layer. The layers of insulation to minimize interference and distortion. Rate of transmission range from 200 million to more than 500 million bits per second.
Fiber optic cable consists of one or more filaments of glass fibers wrapped in protective layers that transport data using light pulses. It transmits light that can travel long distances. Optical fiber cables are not affected by electromagnetic radiation. The transmission speed can reach billions of bits per second. The rate of transmission of the optical fiber is one hundred times faster than the coaxial cables and thousands of times faster than a twisted pair cable. A recent innovation in fiber optics is the use of colored light. Instead of putting up a message in a train of pulses of white light, this technology can carry multiple signals in a single string.
The coaxial cable is commonly used in cable television systems, office buildings, construction sites and other local networks. Cables composed of copper or aluminum wire wrapped in an elastic insulating material is typically a high dielectric constant, which are all surrounded by a conductive layer. The layers of insulation to minimize interference and distortion. Rate of transmission range from 200 million to more than 500 million bits per second.
Fiber optic cable consists of one or more filaments of glass fibers wrapped in protective layers that transport data using light pulses. It transmits light that can travel long distances. Optical fiber cables are not affected by electromagnetic radiation. The transmission speed can reach billions of bits per second. The rate of transmission of the optical fiber is one hundred times faster than the coaxial cables and thousands of times faster than a twisted pair cable. A recent innovation in fiber optics is the use of colored light. Instead of putting up a message in a train of pulses of white light, this technology can carry multiple signals in a single string.
- Wireless Technologies
Terrestrial Microwave - microwave use of land in the transmitter and receiver on Earth. The material looks like satellite dishes. Terrestrial GHz short-range microwave low, limiting all communication to the line of sight. Path between relay stations spaced at about 48 km (30 miles) away. Microwave antennas are usually placed on top of buildings, towers, hills and mountain tops.
Communications satellites - Satellites microwave links use radio as their means of telecommunication which are not deflected by Earth's atmosphere. Satellites stationed in space, typically 35,400 km (22,200 miles) (for geostationary satellites) above the equator. These systems in Earth orbit are able to receive and transmit voice, data and television signals.
Cellular and PCS - Use a series of radio communications. The systems are divided into different geographical areas. Each area is a low power transmitter or a relay satellite radio device to terminate calls from one area to the next area.
Wireless LAN - Wireless LAN uses an equivalent high-frequency radio technology digital cellular radio technology and low frequency. Wireless LAN use technology to spread spectrum communication between devices in a limited area. An example of open standards wireless radio technology IEEE.
Infrared communication, which can transmit signals between devices over short distances of up to 10 meters or peer to peer (face to face) with no body in the transmission line.
Communications satellites - Satellites microwave links use radio as their means of telecommunication which are not deflected by Earth's atmosphere. Satellites stationed in space, typically 35,400 km (22,200 miles) (for geostationary satellites) above the equator. These systems in Earth orbit are able to receive and transmit voice, data and television signals.
Cellular and PCS - Use a series of radio communications. The systems are divided into different geographical areas. Each area is a low power transmitter or a relay satellite radio device to terminate calls from one area to the next area.
Wireless LAN - Wireless LAN uses an equivalent high-frequency radio technology digital cellular radio technology and low frequency. Wireless LAN use technology to spread spectrum communication between devices in a limited area. An example of open standards wireless radio technology IEEE.
Infrared communication, which can transmit signals between devices over short distances of up to 10 meters or peer to peer (face to face) with no body in the transmission line.
Scale
Networks are often classified as a local area network (LAN), Wide Area Network (WAN), Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), Personal Area Network (PAN), Virtual Private Network (VPN), campus area network (CAN), Storage Area Network (SAN), and others, depending on their scope, and purpose, as the Controller Area Network (CAN) to use, the level of confidence, and access is often different in different networks. Local networks are typically designed for use within the organization's internal systems and employees in individual places, such as construction, while the WAN can be connected to separate physical parts of the organization and may include links to third.
The Network Topology
Computer networks can be classified according to the topology of the network where the network is based, as the bus network, star network, token ring, the mesh network. The topology of the network is coordinated by the network devices which are arranged in their logical relationships to each other, regardless of the physical layout. Even if networked computers are physically located in a linear arrangement and are connected to a hub, the network has a star topology, rather than a bus topology. In this sense the visual characteristics and operating a network are different. Networks can be classified according to the method of data used to transmit data, including digital and analog networks.
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